Per diem: one approach is stable, other is higher

IRS sets rates for fiscal year that begins Thursday

The IRS' per diem rates have been set for the upcoming fiscal year. (Photo: Jim Allen\FreightWaves)

One key per diem rate used by truckers will be unchanged in the fiscal year that begins October 1 while another will increase.

The Internal Revenue Service last week said its transportation-specific meals and incidental expense rate will remain at $80 per day for travel within the continental U.S. and $86 for travel outside of it. That per diem rate is specific to workers in the transportation industry.

TBros, a carrier based in Minnesota, describes the transportation per diem as “the daily allowance the IRS lets truck drivers deduct for meals and incidental costs while they’re away from home. It simplifies record-keeping and often lowers taxable income more than tracking every receipt.”

But for companies that employ what is known as the High-Low Substantiation Method, the rates will rise to $329 from $319 if the travel is to areas designated as high cost areas, and to $230 from $225 for other areas.

That rate is applicable for all companies, not just those in transportation. It is an alternative to what is known as the per diem substantiation method, which is dependent on locality. Slicing all those localities into high-cost and low-cost areas into two buckets under the high-low system is seen as making the reporting and payment process easier.

The High-Low Substantiation Method has been described by the firm of Thomas, Zollars & Lynch in their website that tracks federal tax policy as “an alternative to the locality-by-locality federal rates…this method allows a payor to use one rate for designated high-cost localities within the continental U.S. (CONUS) and another for all other CONUS localities.”

The list of high-cost localities is not just big cities like New York and Los Angeles. It also isn’t a designation that necessarily lasts 365 days a year.

For example, Gulf Shores, Alabama gets that designation between June 1 and July 31. Aspen, Colorado gets it virtually all year except October and November. New York City is all 12 months. And Panama City, Florida, which had been on the list previously, is not there at all anymore in the latest release from the IRS.

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John Kingston

John has an almost 50-year career as a journalist, most of them covering commodities and markets. The largest part of his career was spent at Platts, now part of S&P Global Energy. He created the Dated Brent benchmark, now the world’s most important crude oil marker. He was Director of Oil, Director of News, the editor in chief of Platts Oilgram News and the “talking head” for Platts on numerous media outlets, including CNBC, Fox Business and Canada’s BNN. He covered metals before joining Platts and then spent a year running Platts’ metals business as well. He was awarded the International Association of Energy Economics Award for Excellence in Written Journalism in 2015. In 2010, he won two Corporate Achievement Awards from McGraw-Hill, an extremely rare accomplishment. He was awarded the 2020 Abdullah Bin Hamad Al-Attiyah International Energy Award for Lifetime Achievement for the Advancement of International Energy Journalism.