State of Freight for August: Market outlook remains murky

Housing and auto demand is lagging, while carriers continue to exit the market

FreightWaves’ Craig Fuller and Zach Strickland said the housing and auto markets are seeing weaker demand during August’s State of Freight webinar. (Photo: FreightWaves)
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Key Takeaways:

  • Freight demand is historically weak, down 14-15% year-over-year and below 2019 levels, with little sign of rebound despite seasonal factors.
  • Consumer spending shifts are impacting freight flows, with weakness in discretionary goods and critical sectors like housing and autos (20% of trucking freight tied to housing) significantly impacting demand.
  • Carrier capacity is shrinking due to bankruptcies and exits from the market, increasing tender rejection rates, but this isn't enough to stimulate a market recovery; the industry is in a "range-bound" cycle.
  • Uncertainty about the economy is driving businesses to reduce investment, delay hiring, and cut costs, further hindering freight market recovery.
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FreightWaves’ State of Freight webinar painted a picture of an industry stuck in neutral as summer draws to a close. Founder and CEO Craig Fuller and Head of Freight Market Intelligence Zach Strickland described a market plagued by soft demand, economic uncertainty, and stubborn structural challenges. Here are five key takeaways:

Freight demand remains historically weak

Strickland noted that national truckload volumes are down 14% to 15% year-over-year, with demand even lower than 2019.

“A lot of the people I talked to in the shipping community, they’re still dealing with some levels of uncertainty, not just from their procurement strategies for the raw inputs and things in the goods economy, but also from their consumers in the downstream, because there’s still some level of, ‘We don’t know where this economy is going,’” Strickland said.

Despite seasonal catalysts like back-to-school and hurricane season, volumes show little sign of rebound.

“It has not been the freight market that we hoped for. That’s the freight market we’ve got,” Fuller said. 

SONAR Outbound Tender Volume Index for the U.S. (OTRI.USA) shows that current freight volumes are lower than volumes seen in 2019. To learn more about SONAR, click here.

Consumer spending shifts are reshaping freight flows

Retailers with strong grocery and staples sales are holding up, while discretionary goods are faltering, Fuller said.

“If you’re in a big-box retailer with groceries, you’re probably doing okay. But when you get into discretionary spending items, that’s where the challenge is,” Fuller said. “Restaurant failures and weak housing turnover are adding more pressure.”

Housing and autos remain critical weak spots

Both sectors, which drive a large share of freight, continue to struggle. 

Fuller estimated that as much as 20% of trucking freight is tied to housing. Without a housing recovery, “it’s hard to believe that a freight market would come back,” he said. 

Automakers are also showing signs of stress, particularly in the electric vehicle segment.

“One of the core theses of the Biden administration was that electric vehicles should replace internal combustion engines. And a lot of Biden’s infrastructure bill — the core thesis of that was decarbonization and electrification of the auto and power sector. That is no longer a core. It is obvious that that has changed,” Fuller said. “The Trump administration is far more focused on moving back towards a multi-platform energy process.”

Carrier capacity is shrinking, but not enough to spark a recovery

Tender rejection rates are higher than 2019, not because of rising freight volumes, but due to carriers exiting the market.

“The outbound tender rejection index is actually up year over year. And it’s significantly higher than it was in 2019, where we were covering right under 4% at this point in 2019,” Strickland said.

SONAR’s Outbound Tender Rejection Index for the U.S. (OTRI.USA) shows an increase in tender rejections to almost 6% (white line), signaling that capacity is tightening due to more carriers exiting the market. To learn more about SONAR, click here.

Strickland said more carriers exiting the market through closures and bankruptcies has helped increase tender rejection rates across the country.

“We’re going to continue to see bankruptcies,” Strickland said, pointing to the recent Carroll Fulmer collapse. 

Fuller added that the industry is in a “range-bound” cycle where volumes and rates remain stuck.

Uncertainty dominates business decisions

Executives across sectors are pulling back on investment, delaying hiring, and prioritizing cost-cutting. 

“It’s the uncertainty element. And hiring people — when you don’t know where things are headed, your natural inclination is to do nothing,” Fuller said. 

“Once you resolve that things might get worse, you then resolve yourself to actually shrink, whether we’re talking human capital or investments. That’s what I think businesses have been doing for the last couple of quarters. That’s why earnings look so great, because they’re generating a lot of revenue and yet their costs are being turned out. What they’re actually doing is they are sacrificing growth in the future by cutting back.”

Noi Mahoney

Noi Mahoney is a Texas-based journalist who covers cross-border trade, logistics and supply chains for FreightWaves. He graduated from the University of Texas at Austin with a degree in English in 1998. Mahoney has more than 20 years experience as a journalist, working for newspapers in Maryland and Texas. Contact nmahoney@freightwaves.com