Yellow settles with pensions

Term sheets show over $7.4B in claims reduced to $1.5B, ultimate payouts likely lower

The pension plans ultimately agreed to the reduced payouts given the low probability of a more significant financial recovery from the estate. (Photo: Jim Allen/FreightWaves)

Bankrupt Yellow Corp. has agreed to terms with 14 multiemployer pension plans regarding more than $7.4 billion in claims stemming from the former less-than-truckload carrier’s 2023 shutdown.

A motion filed this week with a federal bankruptcy court in Delaware is seeking approval for term sheets allowing roughly $1.5 billion in withdrawal liability and other claims from the pension plans. Central States Pension Fund, which covered thousands of the Yellow’s union employees, holds a little more than half of the total amount. The final payouts, however, are likely to be just a fraction of the face value.

The pension plans and Yellow have engaged in costly litigation over the past two years, trying to reach an agreement on the exit fees.

Yellow lost an appeal in September to have the withdrawal liabilities tossed. It argued that the pension plans were fully funded after receiving federal bailout money in 2021, leaving the company with no liability. However, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit upheld the Delaware court’s decision that The American Rescue Plan lawfully gave pension insurer Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. the authority to craft guidelines to make sure bailout money would only cover plan benefits and costs.

The pensions ultimately agreed to the lower amounts as potential recoveries from the estate continue to dwindle.

“Absent settlement, it has been represented to the Debtors that parties intend to continue litigating these disputes, including exercising appellate rights, resulting in continued litigation for months, if not years, at significant cost to the estates,” the filing stated. “The Debtors estimate such costs would likely be in the tens of millions of dollars, if not more.”

The bulk of Yellow’s estate has been liquidated. Proceeds from roughly $2.4 billion in real estate sales and $176 million in net proceeds from fleet sales have been used to satisfy $1.2 billion in secured debt, $213 million in bankruptcy financing, and various other claims and expenses.

Recent estimates show the estate will have just $600 million to $700 million to satisfy remaining claims, including those from the pensions and former employees.

The Delaware court recently approved a final waterfall distribution plan showing high-teen percentage recoveries for unsecured creditors. However, Yellow’s largest equity holder MFN Partners has appealed the court’s ruling. (Employee claims for PTO and sick time have been classified as priority and will be paid.)

More FreightWaves articles by Todd Maiden:

Upcoming FreightWaves Events
Fraud & Security

Freight Fraud Symposium

Double brokering. AI deepfakes. Identity theft. Freight fraud is an existential threat to the industry. Get ahead of it.

May 20, 2026
Rock & Roll Hall of Fame • Cleveland, OH
Register Now
AI & Technology

Supply Chain AI Symposium

Past the hype. Join operators, founders, and enterprise leaders figuring out how to deploy AI in supply chain.

July 15, 2026
The Old Post Office • Chicago, IL
Register Now
Rail & Policy

Future of Rail Symposium

Reshoring is rewriting freight demand. Join shippers, rail executives, and government officials to shape the next decade.

July 28, 2026
The Signal at Chattanooga Choo Choo • Chattanooga, TN
Register Now
Fraud & Security Freight Fraud Symposium May 20 • Cleveland, OH

Double brokering. AI deepfakes. Identity theft. Freight fraud is an existential threat to the industry. Get ahead of it.

Rock & Roll Hall of Fame • Cleveland, OH Register Now
AI & Technology Supply Chain AI Symposium Jul 15 • Chicago, IL

Past the hype. Join operators, founders, and enterprise leaders figuring out how to deploy AI in supply chain.

The Old Post Office • Chicago, IL Register Now
Rail & Policy Future of Rail Symposium Jul 28 • Chattanooga, TN

Reshoring is rewriting freight demand. Join shippers, rail executives, and government officials to shape the next decade.

The Signal at Chattanooga Choo Choo • Chattanooga, TN Register Now

Todd Maiden

Based in Richmond, VA, Todd is the finance editor at FreightWaves. Prior to joining FreightWaves, he covered the TLs, LTLs, railroads and brokers for RBC Capital Markets and BB&T Capital Markets. Todd began his career in banking and finance before moving over to transportation equity research where he provided stock recommendations for publicly traded transportation companies.