FreightWaves Classics is sponsored by Old Dominion Freight Line — Helping the World Keep Promises. Learn more here.
On Dec. 11, 1990, an unusual weather event caused one the deadliest crashes in Tennessee history when a dense fog fell near Calhoun, Tennessee.
The 99-vehicle pileup caused 12 deaths and 42 injuries, according to the Chattanooga Times Free Press. It began in the southbound lane of Interstate 75 when an unusually dense fog fell rapidly, reducing visibility to almost nothing in a very short time.
According to the official highway accident report from the National Transportation Safety Board, the fog came from settling ponds and steam emitted from the Bowater paper mill nearby. The weather forecast for the day was sunny and mild with temperatures in the 60s and no evidence of fog on its way.
The fog fell so fast witnesses said it was like throwing a blanket onto a windshield, said the newspaper article. Bradley County Deputy Bill Dyer was the first on the scene and originally couldn’t even find the crash because the fog was so dense. He drove so far that he reached an area outside of his jurisdiction and had to turn around, according to Chattanooga’s News Channel 9.
Eventually, Dyer found the crash when a man walked out of the fog pleading for help.
“A man stumbled out of the fog towards my police cruiser,” Dyer recounted. “His face was bloody and he was about to collapse. As I got out to help him, I started hearing the sound of metal crunching, just one right after the other. It was coming from north of the bridge over the freeway, but I couldn’t see anything. I stabilized the victim and started running toward the sounds I was hearing.”
“And then,” he says, “I heard the screams.”
Within those 99 vehicles that continued to pile up over the course of hours that day were numerous 18-wheelers. One woman, Becky Isbill, was able to escape her damaged car just before another vehicle sideswiped her vehicle and slammed into the back of a wrecked 18-wheeler. Quickly after that, another 18-wheeler crashed into the back of the car, killing two people.
Heart-breaking stories similar to Isbill’s piled up like the wreckage on the interstate.
In the days after the tragedy, the gruesome accident made an impact on safety protocols in Tennessee. After the wreckage was cleaned up, which took days, the Tennessee Department of Transportation installed a system to warn drivers with flashing lights and lowered speed limits when fog is detected. The system is still in place today. Advancements have been added to the system with HD cameras that have 360-degree rotation and zoom capabilities. That $6.8 million upgrade came in 2006, according to the Chattanooga Times Free Press.
Many of the victims have experienced post-traumatic stress symptoms and pray nothing like this ever happens again. Authorities hope so too and created a protocol to shut down the highway if fog like that ever appears again. Today, these improvements are working to save lives and create a safer highway experience.
FreightWaves Classics articles look at various aspects of the transportation industry’s history. Click here to subscribe to our newsletter!
Have a topic you want us to cover? Email bjaekel@www.freightwaves.com.
Freight Fraud Symposium
Double brokering. AI deepfakes. Identity theft. Freight fraud is an existential threat to the industry. Get ahead of it.
Supply Chain AI Symposium
Past the hype. Join operators, founders, and enterprise leaders figuring out how to deploy AI in supply chain.
Future of Rail Symposium
Reshoring is rewriting freight demand. Join shippers, rail executives, and government officials to shape the next decade.
Double brokering. AI deepfakes. Identity theft. Freight fraud is an existential threat to the industry. Get ahead of it.
Rock & Roll Hall of Fame • Cleveland, OH Register NowPast the hype. Join operators, founders, and enterprise leaders figuring out how to deploy AI in supply chain.
The Old Post Office • Chicago, IL Register NowReshoring is rewriting freight demand. Join shippers, rail executives, and government officials to shape the next decade.
The Signal at Chattanooga Choo Choo • Chattanooga, TN Register Now
Lee
I wish the headline would describe it accurately. There was no mystery then or now. The industrial plant cooling ponds were the culprit, as the investigation said.
Christopher Scoggins
I was there , it was a mess.and my introduction to mass casualty incidents.
Sherri Dale
Actually there were 2 previous pileups along that route not long after the interstate opened. My Dad took photos of which we still have. The fog has always been in this area. We have farmlands and river water near that area as well. You cannot just contribute it all to the papermill. The 2 previous pile ups resulted in injuries and death as well.
S C G
I was working as telephone operator for a hospital about 30 miles away. I remember that day. All of a sudden our boards went from normal to kaotic. Then Emergency staff were leaving to go to the scene. After about an hour, it was on the news. We all prayed for those people.
Levieta Haulk
Very tragic and sad day in Charleston TN
Levieta Haulk
I remember this tragedy. Everyone in the surrounding area was in shock that this could even happen.
Stephen Bitner
Not mysterious. The fog was caused by the paper mill